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Metastasis: Liver Lesion

Cancers are sorted by a combination of rarity, overall frequency of metastases, and predilection for this site. Change metastases list to be ungrouped by characteristic.

 

Unspecified Characteristics

CancerFrequencyComments
Breast Adenocarcinoma Common adult slightly more common in HER2-positive cancers
Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Common adult
Small Cell Lung Cancer Common adult
Wilms Tumor Uncommon child
Rhabdomyosarcoma Unspecified child Uncommon site of metastasis, frequency unspecified
Prostate Adenocarcinoma Rare adult
Melanoma Common adult
Endometrial Cancer Common adult
Testicular Cancer Common adultchild
Gastric Adenocarcinoma Uncommon adult
Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma Common adult
Cervical Cancer Uncommon adult
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Uncommon adult i.e. parenchymal metastases. hepatic capsular metastases (from peritoneal involvement) are much more common
Gallbladder Cancer Common adult most common site of hematogenous metastasis
Basal Cell Carcinoma Common adult
Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder Common adult
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck Rare adult
Osteosarcoma Rare adultchild
Thymoma Rare adult
Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Very Rare adult
Medulloblastoma Uncommon adultchild more common in children
Astrocytoma Common adult

Arterially Enhancing

CancerFrequencyComments
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Primary Tumor) adult HCC lesions are arterially enhancing (versus normal liver or regenerating nodules, which enhance with the portal venous phase). The display wash-out, i.e. decreased enhancement compared to liver on PV phase.
Renal Cell Carcinoma Uncommon adult
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Common adult
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Common adult overall, a very common site for metastasis (seen in about half of all pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors). However it is almost never seen from insulinomas and uncommon in VIPoma and gastrinoma.
Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Common adult most common distant site. Metastases will be hyperenhancing in the arterial phase, although they may become isointense to liver on later phases.

Biliary Duct Dilatation

CancerFrequencyComments
Cholangiocarcinoma Common adult the tumor spreads along bile ducts and vascular channels

Calcified

CancerFrequencyComments
Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Common adult

Delayed Enhancement

CancerFrequencyComments
Cholangiocarcinoma Common adult the tumor spreads along bile ducts and vascular channels

Hepatomegaly

CancerFrequencyComments
Neuroblastoma Common child liver metastases are rare in traditional neuroblastoma, but hepatomegaly is a characteristic of "4S" disease - patient < 1 year, skin lesions ("blueberry baby"), and hepatomegaly
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Uncommon adultchild Never occurs without splenic involvement first. Imaging is unreliable (hepatomegaly does not imply involvement).

Hyperenhancing

CancerFrequencyComments
Renal Cell Carcinoma Uncommon adult
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Common adult overall, a very common site for metastasis (seen in about half of all pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors). However it is almost never seen from insulinomas and uncommon in VIPoma and gastrinoma.
Gastrointestinal Carcinoid Common adult most common distant site. Metastases will be hyperenhancing in the arterial phase, although they may become isointense to liver on later phases.
Pheochromocytoma Common adult

Hypoenhancing

CancerFrequencyComments
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Common adult most common site
Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Common adult
Esophageal Cancer Common adult most common site for distant metastases of adenocarcinoma (second most common for SCC)
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Common adult
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Uncommon adultchild Never occurs without splenic involvement first. Imaging is unreliable (hepatomegaly does not imply involvement).
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Rare adultchild

Ring Enhancement

CancerFrequencyComments
Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Common adult most common site

Satellite

CancerFrequencyComments
Cholangiocarcinoma Common adult the tumor spreads along bile ducts and vascular channels

Wash-Out

CancerFrequencyComments
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Primary Tumor) adult HCC lesions are arterially enhancing (versus normal liver or regenerating nodules, which enhance with the portal venous phase). The display wash-out, i.e. decreased enhancement compared to liver on PV phase.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Common adult

 

This site was designed by Mark Hammer at Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology. The information contained here is for guidance only - it is not designed to provide medical advice. All information should be verified in the literature cited or in reference books before being used for clinical purposes. This site is not liable for any harms that result from its use.