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Metastatic Pattern of Spread of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma  adultchild

Introduction: Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) is a wide spectrum of cancers and is treated here only superficially and in aggregate. Obviously the most common site of NHL is the lymph node. However, extra-nodal disease is common (approximately 30%) and can either represent the primary site or a metastasis.

Prevalence: Very Rare Metastasis Frequency: Common

References:
Radiology. 1991 Feb;178(2):315-21. PMID: 1987584

Ann Oncol. 2003 Jan;14(1):131-9. PMID: 12488305


Primary Tumor:

 Characteristics Comments
Distant Lymph Nodes Enhancing rare to calcify or be necrotic without treatment

Known Metastatic Locations:

SiteFrequencyCharacteristics Comments
Bone Marrow Common
Spleen UncommonEnlargement, Hypoenhancing can be radiographically occult, manifest as enlargement of the spleen, or manifest as focal lesions
Stomach Rare
Liver RareHypoenhancing
Small Intestine RareLocal Wall Thickening, Dilation typically not obstructed
Lung Parenchyma RareNodule, Consolidation
Colon Very RareLocal Wall Thickening, Dilation typically not obstructed; colonic involvement is relatively common in Burkitt's lymphoma
Pleura Very Rare
Skin (Cutaneous and Subcutaneous) Very Rare cutaneous T cell lymphoma is also known as mycosis fungoides; if it involves internal organs, it is designated Sezary syndrome
Brain Very RareMass primary CNS lymphoma typically manifests as a focal mass
Dura (Meninges) Very Rare secondary (metastatic) involvement of the CNS by lymphoma typically manifests by dural involvement, not an intraparenchymal mass
Breast Very Rare one of the most common sites of origin for extra-mammary metastatic disease to the breast

PMID: 11745279

Bone Very RareLytic, Mixed Lytic and Blastic
Testes Very RareMass, Enlargement can manifest as focal mass or diffuse infiltration